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PRESENT + PAST TENSE

Most Arabic verbs are based on three-letter roots. For example:

Note how the roots are the same as the past-tense for 'he'.

PRESENT TENSE
In Iraqi Arabic, the general formula for present tense is: prefix (indicating subject) + root
SUBJECT CONJUGATION SUBJECT IN ARABIC
I أدرس أنا
You (m.) تـدرس انتَ
You (f.) تـدرســين انتِ
You (pl.) تـدرسـون انتو
He يـدرس هو
She تـدرس هي
They يـدرســون هم
We نـدرس نحن

The above is the simple present tense i.e. it expresses habits / general truths / repeated actions. For example:
• أدرس كل يوم - "I study everyday"
• نقرأ كتب - "We read books"

... + PRESENT TENSE RULES

Extra words can be added to the simple present tense to form other tenses.

1) PRESENT CONTINUOUS (...ing tense) → دا + present

EXAMPLE: دا أدرس - "I am studying"

2) FUTURE (going to tense) → راح + present

EXAMPLE: راح أدرس - "I am going to study"

3) HABITUAL PAST (used to tense) → كنت + present

EXAMPLE: كنت أدرس - "I used to study"

PAST TENSE
The general formula for past tense is: root + suffix (indicating subject)
SUBJECT CONJUGATION SUBJECT IN ARABIC
I كتبـت أنا
You (m.) كتبـت انتَ
You (f.) كتبـتي انتِ
You (pl.) كتبـتوا انتو
He كتب هو
She كتبـت هي
They كتبـوا هم
We كتبـنا نحن

READY FOR THE PRESENT + PAST TENSE QUIZ?